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Algorithm Introduction and Applications

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Algorithm

What is algorithm?


Algorithm is a sequence of steps used for computation to transform the input into the output. It is a tool used to solve specific computational problems. A step by step process which takes some input process the input to produce some output.

Example:


To sort a sequence of numbers into non-decreasing order an algorithm can be designed. This problem is known as sorting problem. This problem is defined as-

INPUT: A sequence of n numbers (a1, a2, ..., an).

OUTPUT: A permutation of the input sequence such that a1'<a2'<...<an'.

How to know which algorithm is best for given application?


When looking for best algorithm for given application the factors to see are-

  • Number of items to be sorted

  • Extent to which items are already sorted.

  • Possible restrictions on item values.

  • Architecture of computer.

  • Kind of storage to be used.
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